C Language

Developed originally at Bell Labs by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie in the second half of the 1980’s, the C Language has become a high-level programming language responsible for almost all operating systems of today. Together with the object-oriented successor of C, C++, these two languages have become commercial software’s first choice in programming language. UNIX runs on C Language and is becoming commercially acceptable on a mass scale.

Venture capital seems to be financing C Language-based software development as it is gaining interest in the job market and receiving support from large corporations and big business markets. Communications and Information Technology are some of the employment opportunities available for the expert C Language programmer.

Like any language learning exercise, the C Language begins with Variables and Constants. These Variables and Constants of basic data types create words and sentences of C, forming the C programming language. A set of instructions and rules for writing in the C Language exists, as is part of any computer programming language. These instructions are explained in online tutorials defining Statements, Expressions, Operators, Managing Input/Output Operations, Strings, Arrays, Functions, Pointers, Dynamic Memory allocation and more.

Using Preprocessor directives, Macros, define identifier string, Simple macro substitution, Macros as arguments, Nesting of macros, Un-defining a macro and File inclusion, the C Language programmer becomes familiar with the terms and functions of this complex programming language. The preprocessor in the C Language is examined in tutorials that describe modifying and reading C Language and discuss efficiency and portability.

C Programming Language - An Overview In this tutorial you will learn about C Programming Lanuage Overview of C Sample program - Printing a message Executing a C Program and Basic structure of C programs Overview of C C is a programming language. It is most popular computer language today because it is a structured high level machine independent...
C Programming Language - Constants and Variables In this tutorial you will learn about Character Set C Character-Set Table Special Characters White Space Keywords and Identifiers Constants Integer Constants Decimal Integers Octal Integers Hexadecimal integer Real Constants Single Character Constants String Constants Backslash Character...
C Programming Language - Data Types In this tutorial you will learn about C language data types Primary data type Integer Type Floating Point Types Void Type Character Type Size and Range of Data Types on 16 bit machine derived data type Declaration of Variables User defined type declaration Declaration of Storage Class auto static extern...
.C Programming - Operators In this tutorial you will learn about Operators Arithmetic operators Relational Operators Logical Operators Assignment Operators Increments and Decrement Operators Conditional Operators Bitwise Operators and Special Operators. Operators Introduction An operator is a symbol which helps the user to command the computer...
C Programming - Expressions In this tutorial you will learn about Expressin in C programming language - Arithmetic Expressions Evaluation of Expressions Precedence in Arithmetic Operators Rules for evaluation of expression Type conversions in expressions Implicit type conversion Explicit Conversion and Operator precedence and associativity Arithmetic...
C Programming - Managing Input and Output Operations In this tutorial you will learn about Single character input output String input and output Formatted Input For Scanf Input specifications for real number Input specifications for a character Printing One Line Conversion Strings and Specifiers Specifier Meaning Introduction One of the essential...
C Programming - Decision Making - Branching In this tutorial you will learn about C Programming - Decision Making Branching if Statement The If else construct Compound Relational tests Nested if Statement The ELSE If Ladder The Switch Statement and The GOTO statement. Branching The C language programs presented until now follows a sequential...
C Programming - Decision Making - Looping In this tutorial you will learn about C Programming - Decision Making - Looping The While Statement The Do while statement The Break Statement Continue statement and For Loop. During looping a set of statements are executed until some conditions for termination of the loop is encountered. A program loop...
C Programming - Arrays In this tutorial you will learn about C Programming - Arrays - Declaration of arrays Initialization of arrays Multi dimensional Arrays Elements of multi dimension arrays and Initialization of multidimensional arrays. The C language provides a capability that enables the user to define a set of ordered data items known as...
C Programming - Handling of character string In this tutorial you will learn about Initializing Strings Reading Strings from the terminal Writing strings to screen Arithmetic operations on characters String operations string.h Strlen function strcat function strcmp function strcmpi function strcpy function strlwr function strrev...
C Programming - Functions Part-II In this tutorial you will learn about C Programming - Functions Part II Nesting of functions Recursion Functions and arrays The scope and lifetime of variables in functions Automatic variables External variables Multi-file programs Static variables and Register variables. Nesting of functions C permits...
C Programming - Functions Part-I In this tutorial you will learn about C Programming - Functions Part-I Functions are used in c for the following reasons Function definition Types of functions Functions with no arguments and no return values Functions with arguments but no return values Functions with arguments and return values Return value...
C Programming - Structures and Unions In this tutorial you will learn about C Programming - Structures and Unions Giving values to members Initializing structure Functions and structures Passing structure to elements to functions Passing entire function to functions Arrays of structure Structure within a structure and Union. Arrays are used...
C Programming - Pointers In this tutorial you will learn about C Programming - Pointers Pointer declaration Address operator Pointer expressions pointer arithmetic Pointers and function Call by value Call by Reference Pointer to arrays Pointers and structures Pointers on pointer. Introduction In c a pointer is a variable that points...
C Programming - Dynamic Memory allocation In this tutorial you will learn about C Programming - Dynamic Memory Allocation Dynamic memory allocation. Memory allocations process Allocating a block of memory Allocating multiple blocks of memory Releasing the used space and To alter the size of allocated memory. In programming we may come across...
C Programming - Linked Lists In this tutorial you will learn about C Programming - Linked Lists Structure Advantages of Linked List Types of linked list and Applications of linked lists. A linked list is called so because each of items in the list is a part of a structure which is linked to the structure containing the next item. This type of...
C Programming - File management in C In this tutorial you will learn about C Programming - File management in C File operation functions in C Defining and opening a file Closing a file The getw and putw functions The fprintf fscanf functions Random access to files and fseek function. C supports a number of functions that have the ability...
C Language - The Preprocessor In this tutorial you will learn about C Language - The Preprocessor Preprocessor directives Macros define identifier string Simple macro substitution Macros as arguments Nesting of macros Undefining a macro and File inclusion. The Preprocessor A unique feature of c language is the preprocessor. A program can...
Call by Value and Call by Reference In this tutorial you will learn about C Programming - What is difference between call by value and call by reference in function The arguments passed to function can be of two types namely 1. Values passed 2. Address passed The first type refers to call by value and the second type refers to call by reference. For...
Concept of Pixel in C Graphics Wondering What a Pixel is Pixel is otherwise called as picture elements. These are nothing but small dots. Using these tiny dots or in other words pixels images especially graphics images are built on screen. If all pictures are built by concept...
TSR in C - An Introduction What does TSR stands for TSR stands for Terminate- and Stay-Resident programs What’ s Special about TSR As the name says Terminate-and-Stay-Resident TSR are programs which get loaded in memory and remain or stay there...